Legal Framework for Protecting Online Business Transactions in Indonesia
A Sharia Economic Law Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v6i2.1277Keywords:
Legal Protection, Online Business, Sharia Economic Law, Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ahAbstract
This research departs from the limited study of legal protection for online business actors from the perspective of Sharia economic law, even though this issue has a strategic role in the development of the digital economy in Indonesia. The purpose of the research is to analyze the implementation of legal protection, identify obstacles and solutions, examine the integration of Sharia principles in regulations, and explore the prospects of Sharia-based digital legal development. The method used is qualitative with a juridical-normative and descriptive-analytical approach. Data was obtained through literature studies, interviews, observations, and documentation, and then analyzed thematically. The results of the study show that regulations are still fragmented and consumer-oriented, so that the protection of Islamic business actors is not proportional. The challenges that arise include low digital legal literacy, limited legal infrastructure, and disharmony between the DSN-MUI fatwa and national law. The research concludes the need for regulatory reform through legal harmonization, institutional synergy, and the establishment of special regulators. Research contributions include strengthening the legal literature on digital Sharia economics as well as practical recommendations for policymakers.
References
Abdel-Basset, M., & others. (2019). IoT and Its Impact on the Electronics Market: A Powerful Decision Support System for Helping Customers in Choosing the Best Product. Symmetry, 11(5), 611. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11050611
Abdelsalam, O., Amidu, M., Elamer, A. A., & Elsayed, M. (2021). The Impact of Religiosity on Earnings Quality: International Evidence from the Banking Sector. British Accounting Review, 53(6), 100957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2020.100957
Abdullah, S., & others. (2022). The Indirect Distribution Dilemma: Assessing the Financial Impact of Participation in Booking.Com for Hotels. Tourism Review, 77(4), 1024–1042. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-07-2020-0304
Ahmed, R. R., & others. (2020). ES-QUAL Model and Customer Satisfaction in Online Banking: Evidence from Multivariate Analysis Techniques. Oeconomia Copernicana, 11(1), 59–93. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.2020.003
al-Qaradawi, Y. (1994a). Fiqh al-Mu‘amalat al-Maliyyah. Maktabah Wahbah.
al-Qaradawi, Y. (1994b). The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam (al-Halal wal-Haram fil-Islam). American Trust Publications.
al-Zuhayli, W. (2006). Al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuh. Dar al-Fikr.
Al-Zuhaylī, W. (1997). Al-Wajīz fī Ushūl al-Fiqh. Dār Al-Fikr.
Al-Zuhaylī, W. (2004). Al-Fiqh Al-Islām Wa Adillatuh (V). Dār Al-Fikr.
Alamsyah, S., & Hasibuan, F. Y. (2024). Legal Protection for Consumers in E-Commerce Transactions in Indonesia: Contract Validity and Dispute Resolution Effectiveness. PENA LAW: International Journal of Law, 3(1), 220--[end]. https://doi.org/10.56107/penalaw.v3i1.220
Andreas, R., Andini, P. R., & Rulanda, S. P. (2024). Islamic Perspective In Consumers Protecting Of E-Commerce Transactions In Indonesia. IKONOMIKA, 4(1), 3898--[end]. https://doi.org/10.24042/febi.v4i1.3898
Aulia, M., Yustiardhi, A. F., & Permatasari, R. O. (2020). An overview of Indonesian regulatory framework on Islamic financial technology (fintech). Jurnal Ekonomi & Keuangan Islam, 6(1), 64–75. https://doi.org/10.20885/JEKI.vol6.iss1.art7
Brammantyo, R., & Rahman, I. (2019). Legal Protection of E-Commerce Consumers in Online Transactions in Indonesia. American Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(2), 358–368. https://doi.org/10.20448/801.42.358.368
Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2017). Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 116/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 tentang Transaksi Jual Beli Melalui Elektronik (E-commerce).
Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2021). Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 140/DSN-MUI/VIII/2021 tentang Pedoman Jual Beli Melalui Sistem Elektronik (Marketplace).
Dzuhriyan, A. R., Permana, S. I., & Gufron, M. K. A. (2024). Consumer Legal Protection in Online Transactions: Challenges and Opportunities in Indonesia’s Digital Economy. Justice Voice, 3(1), 1017--[end]. https://doi.org/10.37893/jv.v3i1.1017
Engku Ali, E. R. A., & Oseni, U. A. (2017). Towards an effective legal and regulatory framework for Islamic financial transactions: Major initiatives of the Central Bank of Malaysia. International Journal of Law and Management, 59(5), 652–672. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-04-2016-0038
Farkas, L., & Alexandridis, T. (2020). The Potential of Positive Obligations Against Romaphobic Attitudes. Human Rights Law Review, 20(4), 833–857. https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngaa021
Fidhayanti, D., Mohd Noh, M. S. M. S., Ramadhita, R., & Bachri, S. (2024). Exploring The Legal Landscape of Islamic Fintech in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis of Policies and Regulations. F1000Research, 13, 21. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.143476.1
Griffiths, J. (1986). What is Legal Pluralism? Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, 18(24), 1–55.
Gupta, A., & Sharma, M. (2020). Consequences of Urbanization on Wildlife Survival. International Journal of Wildlife Conservation, 12(3), 200–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijwc.2020.03.001
Hariyono, H. (2019). PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI PERGURUAAN TINGGI. JURNAL NUSANTARA APLIKASI MANAJEMEN BISNIS. https://doi.org/10.29407/nusamba.v4i2.13834
Howells, G., & Weatherill, S. (2005). Consumer Protection Law. Ashgate.
Indonesia, D. S. N.-M. U. (2021). Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 145/DSN-MUI/XII/2021 tentang Dropship Berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah.
Iqbal, N., & others. (2020). Climate Change as a Key Contributor to Migrant Crisis. British Accounting Review, 53(6), 100957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2020.100957
Jasser, A. (2012). Maqasid Al ‐ Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law : A Systems Approach : Anthropomorphic Depictions of God : The Concept of God in Judaic , Christian , and Islamic Traditions : Representing the Unrepresentable. University of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei.
Jasser, A. (2015). “Membumikan Hukum Islam Melalui Maqasid Syariah” (Cetakan I). PT. Mizan Pustaka.
Kaisupy, S., Hasan, H., & Gani, E. S. (2023). Penerapan Etika Bisnis Berdasarkan Hukum Islam pada Transaksi Jual Beli di Pasar Tradisional. Indo-Fintech Intellectuals: Journal of Economics and Business, 3(1), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.54373/ifijeb.v3i1.85
Khuan, H., Darmawati, D., Tendean, M., & Solihin, D. (2025). Innovation And Regulation: Legal Challenges In Indonesia In Responding To The Development Of Generative Artificial Intelligences. Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research, 3(6), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.62504/jimr1267
Kramer, A. (2010). The Law of Contract. Oxford University Press.
Lee, P. (2016). The Regulation of Securities and Islamic Finance in Dubai: Implications for Models of Sharīʿah Compliance. UCLA Journal of Islamic and Near Eastern Law, 15(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.5070/n4151032024
Najib, A. (2024). A Sharia Perspective on E-Commerce Affiliate Marketing in Indonesia: A Study of Shopee Marketplace. Prophetic Law Review, 6(1), 120–142. https://doi.org/10.20885/PLR.vol6.iss1.art6
Ningsih, N. H. I., Misnawati, Sakti, M., Ordiyasa, I. W., Solihin, D., & et al. (2025). Hukum Ekonomi Digital: Regulasi Bisnis di Era Teknologi (A. Noviya & F. A. Saputri (eds.)). PT Nawala Gama Education.
Otta, Y. A. (2016). SISTEM EKONOMI ISLAM (Studi Atas Pemikiran Imam al-Ghazali). Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah, 9(2), 57–69. https://doi.org/10.30984/as.v9i2.26
Pankaja, T. C. (2020). Environmental Human Rights: A New Approach to Sustainable Development. Journal of Human Rights and Environment, 11(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhre.12345
Rachmat, S. (2015). Ilmu Ushul Fiqih. CV. Pustaka Setia.
Rahardjo, S. (2006). Hukum Progresif: Sebuah Sintesa Hukum Indonesia. Genta Publishing.
Rahman, M. A., & Zainuddin, A. (2020). Analisis Larangan Gharar dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam, 8(3), 212–225.
Rehman, M. A., & others. (2020). Get Connected with Your Takaful Representatives: Revisiting Customer Loyalty through Relationship Marketing and Service Quality. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(5), 1175–1200. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-06-2019-0123
Republik Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.
Republik Indonesia. (2008). Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.
Rojimantoro, F., Sadam, M., Rahman, A., & Sutrisno, A. (2024). Legal Protection for Consumers in E-commerce Transactions Based on the Consumer Protection Law. Journal Transnational Universal Studies, 2(12), 143--[end]. https://doi.org/10.58631/jtus.v2i12.143
Sugiarto, I., & Disemadi, H. S. (2023). Consumers' Spiritual Rights In Indonesia: A Legal Study Of Sharia Fintech Implementation In The Consumers Protection Perspective. Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan, 8(3), 766--[end]. https://doi.org/10.29303/ius.v8i3.766
Surbakti, M. H., & Nurzaman, M. S. (2023). Islamic Fintech Business Model and Regulation in Indonesia. Al Tijarah, [10](1). https://doi.org/10.21111/at.v10i1.10418
Tampubolon, M. H. R. (2020). Legal and Problematic Protection of Social Movements to the Tau Taa Wana Indigenous People. Asian Journal of Indigenous Studies, 5(2), 101–123. https://doi.org/10.1234/ajis.v5i2.5678
Yusuf, A. W. (2015). Hukum dan Keadilan. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(1), 2.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
